Traditional Huichol artists are said to use a type of wax as glue and don’t make any sketches beforehand.
As an outsider, I use liquid nails and occasionally plan the pattern. I also like to paint the inner sides and the edges. The result is, I suppose, much slower, but quite good nonetheless.
The boxes are not coated with anything over the beads. There is no need for it: the beads never fall out.
I also make round pendants in Huichol style.